A | 上半年，服务出口同比增长17.6% “中国服务”加速走向海外(经济聚焦) 商务部数据显示：上半年，我国服务进出口总额37797.5亿元，同比增长8.3%。
B | 其中，服务出口15047亿元，同比增长17.6%；服务贸易逆差7703.5亿元，比上年同期缩小1614.2亿元。 一连串数字背后，是全球贸易格局的深刻调整——服务贸易和服务业合作深入发展，成为世界贸易的新增长点；也是我国服务业发展的提质增效——上半年，我国服务业增加值同比增长5.2%，占国内生产总值比重59.5%，是国民经济的第一大产业。 当前，我国服务出口有哪些新趋势、新亮点？记者进行了采访。 旅行服务出口增速较快 上半年，我国旅行服务出口2292亿元，同比增长31.1%，在前五大服务出口领域中增速最快。 The ouster of Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa has roused substantial global media attention, particularly in light of the colorful images coming out of the country of protesters storming his opulent Colombo residence and turning it into a tourist attraction, posing for selfies, and organizing pool parties and cookouts.,But the chaos in Colombo isn’t the first time in the last decade or so that a head of state has been ousted from office in a time of crisis and forced to flee, with the last dozen years witnessing at least five comparable cases.,Ashraf Ghani’s Bags of Money,Last August, a ten-day blitzkrieg offensive by the Taliban* to capture cities in the midst of the NATO withdrawal culminated in the fall of Kabul and the collapse of the Afghan government. President Ashraf Ghani, the US-educated academic-turned president, fled the country he ruled at the West’s behest for seven years.,Ghani evacuated Kabul on August 15, the same day that Taliban fighters entered the city, and eventually ended up in the United Arab Emirates, where he took refuge. Ghani apologized to his countrymen and women for bolting, saying that leaving the capital “was the most difficult decision” of his life and that he took it to avoid a repeat of the bloody street fighting witnessed in the city between government and Taliban forces in the 1990s. In addition, he said, his security team had advised him not to stay due to the risk of assassination or capture.,The Russian Embassy in Kabul painted a different story, alleging that Ghani fled the city in a convoy of vehicles stuffed with so much cash that it could not fit in a helicopter which took him out of the country. UK media later alleged that Ghani may have sought to smuggle as much as $169 million in cash out of Kabul, with a former bodyguard later confirming that the ex-president’s entourage was carrying “many big bags” containing “hundreds of millions, perhaps billions of dollars.”,Ghani has categorically rejected the allegations against him, and has said that he would welcome an international investigation to clear his good name.,AfghanistanEx-Afghan President Ghani Says He Was Made 'Scapegoat' for Fleeing, Blames Trump - Report 31 December 2021, 03:27 GMT,Evo Morales’ Happy Ending,On November 10, 2019, Bolivia’s long-serving democratic socialist president Evo Morales was forced to step down after weeks of protests sparked by an election whose results were disputed by the country’s US-backed opposition. Characterizing the crisis as a “coup” and fearing he would be killed by assassins hired out by his enemies, Morales fled to Mexico, where he was granted asylum by President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador.,The Trump administration hailed Morales’ ouster, with the US president tweeting that the unrest sent “a strong signal to the illegitimate regimes in Venezuela and Nicaragua that democracy and the will of the people will always prevail.”,But the anti-Morales’ plot’s victory was short-lived. Immediately after touching down in Mexico, Morales vowed that he’d remain in politics, and that his “fight” against “discrimination and humiliation” would continue.,In late 2019, after the election victory of leftist forces in Argentina, Morales traveled to that country, where he was granted asylum. In November 2020, after new elections in his home country saw the victory of Luis Arce, his former finance minister, Morales triumphantly returned to Bolivia. Today, although he is not president, Morales remains a major force in Bolivian politics, consistently attacking “Yankee imperialism” and recently calling on Bolivia and Argentina to join forces to become a global lithium-producing superpower.,The fate of his adversaries has not been so bright, with Jeanine Anez, the right wing politician who took over after Morales’ ouster, recently sentenced to ten years in prison for her role in the 2019 coup.,© Photo : Twitter / @evoespuebloFormer Bolivian President Evo Morales during his triumphant return to his home country in November 2020.Former Bolivian President Evo Morales during his triumphant return to his home country in November 2020.© Photo : Twitter / @evoespueblo,Yemen’s Hadi,In 2012, Yemeni politician Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi seemed to have the world at his feet. Succeeding President Ali Abdullah Saleh, whom he faithfully served as vice president starting in 1994, Hadi won the February 2012 presidential elections with an impressive 100 percent of the vote, running as the sole candidate. He proceeded to initiate a US- and Saudi-supported reform program aimed at transforming Yemen into a federal model of government under which six regions would enjoy large-scale political autonomy. Hadi also supported ramping up cooperation with Washington to fight piracy in the Gulf of Aden, and al-Qaeda** cells attempting to set up shop in Yemen’s sparsely populated northeastern territories.,Hadi’s reforms, allegations of corruption, and the ill-fated decision to end fuel subsidies in 2014 proved fatal, and between late 2014 and early 2015, much of the country was overrun by the Houthis, an Islamist, social justice-oriented political and militant movement dominant in the country’s populous western provinces. In January 2015, Hadi left his presidential palace in Sana’a for the last time, and, without resigning, flew to Saudi Arabia.,© AP Photo / Hani MohammedShiite Houthi tribesmen hold their weapons as they chant slogans during a tribal gathering showing support for the Houthi movement, in Sanaa, Yemen, Saturday Sept. 21, 2019Shiite Houthi tribesmen hold their weapons as they chant slogans during a tribal gathering showing support for the Houthi movement, in Sanaa, Yemen, Saturday Sept. 21, 2019© AP Photo / Hani Mohammed,Two months later, in March 2015, a Saudi-led military coalition began a military operation in Yemen aimed at restoring Hadi to power. Seven years on, the coalition has made little progress, and the impoverished southern Arabian nation remains mired in a deep political, military, economic and humanitarian crisis. Meanwhile, the Houthis have counterattacked by launching drone and missile strikes targeting Saudi infrastructure, military bases, airports, oil facilities, missile defense systems and cities, with no amount of sophisticated US-made air defense hardware seeming sufficient to stop the attacks.,As for Hadi, the exiled president resigned from the post in April, transferring power to an eight-member ‘presidential leadership council’ tasked with negotiating a permanent ceasefire with the Houthis.,Saudi Arabia ‘Pushed’ Yemen’s Hadi to Resign, Placed Him on House Arrest - WSJ17 April, 22:22 GMT,Ukraine’s Yanukovych,Of all the ejections from office featured in this list so far, perhaps none have been more consequential to the geopolitical instability being experienced by the world today than that of Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych.,Yanukovych handcrafted the crisis which would culminate in his ouster in the winter of 2013 by pulling a major political U-turn and rejecting an association agreement with the European Union in favor of closer ties with the Russian-led Eurasian Economic Union. The decision prompted pro-EU protesters to flood the center of Kiev, with demonstrators establishing tent encampments and occupying the heart of the city – the Maidan Nezalezhnosti (lit. ‘Independence Square’).,Protests continued for weeks, with Yanukovych making concessions under EU pressure, accepting the resignation of the government of Prime Minister Nikolai Azarov in late January, and negotiating with an increasingly emboldened opposition to try to resolve the crisis.,On February 20, protests turned bloody, with 49 demonstrators and four police officers killed by mysterious snipers in a single day. On February 22, just a day after reaching an EU-backed agreement on the settling the crisis through early elections, Yanukovych fled Kiev in fear for his life, traveling east and slipping across the border into Russia, where he was offered refuge. Pro-European forces in Ukraine’s parliament drafted a resolution to strip Yanukovych of power, claiming he had “withdrawn from his duties in an unconstitutional manner.” From Russia, Yanukovych blasted the new authorities, and characterized his ouster as a coup d’état.,Kiev, Washington Responsible for Failure of Minsk Peace Agreements, Ukraine's Former President Says14 March, 15:17 GMT,Tunisia’s Ben Ali,On January 14, 2011, President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali’s 24-year reign as Tunisian leader came to an end, with the president and his family fleeing the country to Saudi Arabia after weeks of protests which would hail the start of the so-called ‘Arab Spring’. The ‘Tunisian Revolution’ was driven by long-standing grievances among Tunisians about corruption, high unemployment, inflation, and general poor living conditions, as well as limitations on freedom of speech. The protests were sparked by 26-year-old street vendor Mohamed Bouazizi, who set himself on fire in the street after police confiscated his wares when he failed to pay a bribe, and after his plea for help from the local governor was left unanswered. The young man's act, which would cause over 100 copycat immolation attempts, would spark a month of protests which culminated in Ben Ali’s ouster.,After his ejection, the Tunisian president would live to a ripe old age of 83, passing away in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia in September 2019. But the unrest which his removal sparked would end up transforming much of the Middle East and engulfing some of its countries in crisis which continue to reverberate to this day. In 2011, major protests rocked Algeria and Yemen, and led to the overthrow of the government of Hosni Mubarak in Egypt. In Libya, NATO lent a ‘helping hand’ to anti-government rebels by launching a campaign of airstrikes against forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi, culminating in his ouster and televised murder, and turning Libya into a failed state. The contagion of the Arab Spring also spread to Syria, which was turned into a breeding ground for jihadist militants who flocked to the country from the region and across the globe to take part in the unsuccessful US, Turkish, Saudi and Qatari-backed campaign to try to oust the government of Bashar Assad.,Ousted Tunisian President Ben Ali Buried in Saudi Arabia - Reports21 September 2019, 17:53 GMT,* An organization subject to United Nations sanctions for terrorist activities.,** A terrorist group outlawed in Russia and many other countries.。 旅行服务包括旅游、留学、就医等，入境游客在我国“吃住行游购娱”等各类消费计入我国旅行服务出口。近年来，随着免签、离境退税等政策不断优化，“中国游”“中国购”持续活跃。 今年7月1日起，全国离境退税“小额抽检制”正式落地实施，退税销售额1万元以下的退税申请单实行随机抽检，不再逐单进行实物验核。深圳罗湖口岸和深圳机场投用离境退税自助机，支持13种语言，最快两三分钟即可完成退税办理。 新政落地首月，深圳海关累计办理离境退税验核业务1.3万票、验核申请单金额1.7亿元，同比分别增长2.2倍和94.1%。据深圳海关相关负责人介绍，境外旅客的消费选择更加多元，除茶叶、丝绸等传统伴手礼外，国产数码产品、服饰文创等成为热门选择。 随着“中国游”持续深入，外籍游客的旅游轨迹从北上广深等一线城市拓展延伸到小众目的地。去哪儿旅行数据显示：上半年，平台上外籍游客购买的入境航班目的地已覆盖国内160个城市——北至中俄边境附近的黑河，南至热带滨海的三亚，东抵“华夏东极”佳木斯，西达昆仑山下的喀什，比去年同期新增20个城市。 此外，入境游停留时间变长。
C | 途家民宿数据显示：上半年，外国游客在中国330个城市入住民宿，平均入住天数达到2.8天，同比增长约10%。今年暑期，外国游客平均入住天数达到4.7天。 “现在，很多外国游客愿意走进我国的小城、社区和乡村，在民宿里认识房东、了解本地生活，用更久的时间，看到更真实和丰富的中国。
D | ”途家民宿高级副总裁胡阳说。
E | “中国太棒了。我强烈推荐大家去看看。”近日，美国企业家、电动汽车制造商特斯拉公司首席执行官埃隆·马斯克在社交媒体上写道。随后，马斯克母亲梅耶引用这则帖文继续“点赞”，称“中国的每个城市都有其独特魅力”。 来到中国、体验中国、爱上中国，入境旅游正与消费、文化等更多场景融合，成为服务贸易增长新支撑。
F | 知识密集型服务出口占比超过一半 服务贸易增长的另一亮点，是知识密集型服务出口。上半年，我国知识密集型服务出口8056.7亿元，同比增长12.8%，占服务出口总额的53.5%。 向韩国头部药企JW制药交付智能化、自动化药物发现与工艺优化机器人实验室，与美国创新生物制药公司的战略合作取得关键进展，与国际知名药企达成超4亿美元AI(人工智能)药物发现合作……上半年，晶泰科技加快全球业务布局。 “我们将自主研发的AI算法、工具、流程与自动化实验能力，转化为标准化、可交付的医药与材料研发解决方案，在服务全球客户的过程中，积累行业稀缺的高质量数据与产业化落地经验，形成‘技术输出、全球验证、能力迭代’的良性循环。”晶泰科技首席科学官张佩宇介绍，晶泰拥有全球领先规模的“AI+化学机器人”集群，已服务于多家全球排名前20的国际药企，收集高质量数据的效率是传统实验室的50倍，推动更多优质创新药项目快速实现临床转化。 伴随AI等新技术发展，中国企业正从技术产品出口转向技术服务能力输出。 其中，词元出海是近年来涌现的新赛道。词元是AI处理与生成信息的基本单位，可视为电力与算力转化形成的数字化产出，是AI时代重要的基础资源。中国企业将国产成熟大模型算力封装为标准化接口，海外客户开通即可接入使用，无需自建算力基础设施。这种轻便高效的词元出海模式，正受到越来越多海外企业的青睐。 在编程、影像创作、互动娱乐、AI原生游戏等领域，不少海外创业团队开始采用中国大模型阿里千问作为技术底座，其模型能力、成本优势以及成熟的云服务体系已在全球开发者社区中建立起品牌信任度。 培育更多“中国服务”品牌 服务出口的增长，折射出“中国服务”品牌认可度的提升。 近年来，中国服务品牌加快拓展海外市场，品牌背后的消费理念和文化元素也被更多人了解喜爱。 一杯茶饮的出海之路，也是中国品牌国际化发展的缩影。
G | 在巴西推出巴西莓冰淇淋，在美国提供多种糖度选项，在东南亚开发当地特色的热带风味产品……蜜雪冰城推行“全球标准+区域定制”的运营模式，尊重和融入当地文化，让中国茶饮走进当地人的生活，目前已在印度尼西亚、越南、马来西亚、泰国等东南亚国家开设了4000多家门店。 霸王茶姬则更重视空间打造和场景拓展。比如，在菲律宾以宠物友好设施和场所闻名的地区开设宠物友好门店；在韩国首尔江南区的旗舰店采用了更柔软的织物和绿色植物，为忙碌的都市顾客打造一个“宁静放松的绿洲”。 从产品创新到场景延伸，中国品牌出海的方式正在发生变化。企业不仅关注市场覆盖率，更注重与当地消费者建立情感连接。 更多传统服务同样正加快提质增效。今年4月，中医药服务消费和服务贸易融合发展试点启动，北京市、天津市、内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔市等18个地区被纳入试点范围。未来3年，试点地区将在中医药文化交流、中医药旅游路线推介、中医康养服务、食养药膳服务等方面探索创新，对接国际康养市场多层次需求，打造中医药服务消费新场景新业态，形成一批知名中医药服务国际品牌。 从旅行服务增长，到知识密集型服务提升，再到中国品牌加快走向海外，一组组数据，勾勒出中国服务贸易转型升级的成长轨迹。随着服务业对外开放持续扩大，中国服务将以更为丰富多元的形态参与全球分工，不断激活新的发展动能。 (人民日报 记者 罗珊珊；孙嘉翊参与采写)。
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